N'ime afọ ndị na-adịbeghị anya, usoro nkà na ụzụ nke ụlọ ọrụ kemịkalụ nke China enwewo ọganihu dị ukwuu, nke mere ka ụzọ dịgasị iche iche nke mmepụta kemịkal na ọdịiche dị iche iche nke asọmpi ahịa ahịa kemịkal.Edemede a na-enyochakarị usoro mmepụta nke epoxy propane dị iche iche.

Dịka nyocha ahụ siri kwuo, n'ikwu okwu n'ụzọ doro anya, enwere usoro mmepụta atọ maka epoxy propane, ya bụ usoro chlorohydrin, usoro co oxidation (Halcon method), na hydrogen peroxide Direct oxidation method (HPPO).Ka ọ dị ugbu a, usoro chlorohydrin na usoro HPPO bụ isi usoro maka imepụta epoxy propane.

Usoro Chlorohydrin bụ usoro eji emepụta epoxy propane site na iji propylene na chlorine gas dị ka akụrụngwa site na usoro dị ka chlorohydrination, saponification, na distillation.Usoro a nwere nnukwu mkpụrụ nke epoxy propane, ma ọ na-emepụtakwa nnukwu mmiri na-ekpofu mmiri na ikuku gas, nke nwere mmetụta dị ukwuu na gburugburu ebe obibi.

Usoro co oxidation bụ usoro maka imepụta propylene oxide site na iji propylene, ethylbenzene, na oxygen dị ka akụrụngwa.Nke mbụ, ethylbenzene na-emeghachi omume na ikuku iji mepụta ethylbenzene peroxide.Mgbe ahụ, ethylbenzene peroxide na-enweta mmeghachi omume cyclization na propylene iji mepụta epoxy propane na phenylethanol.Usoro a nwere usoro mmeghachi omume dị mgbagwoju anya ma na-emepụta ọtụtụ ngwaahịa, ya mere, ọ na-echekwa mmetụta ọjọọ ihu na gburugburu ebe obibi.

Usoro HPPO bụ usoro ịgbakwụnye methanol, propylene, na hydrogen peroxide na oke nha 4.2:1.3:1 na reactor nwere zeolite titanium silicate catalyst (TS-1) maka mmeghachi omume.Usoro a nwere ike ịtụgharị 98% nke hydrogen peroxide, na selectivity nke epoxy propane nwere ike iru 95%.Enwere ike megharia obere propylene meghachi omume na reactor maka ijikwa ya ọzọ.

Nke kachasị mkpa, epoxy propane nke usoro a na-emepụta ugbu a bụ naanị ngwaahịa a na-enye maka mbupụ na China.

Anyị na-agbakọ usoro ọnụahịa site na 2009 ruo etiti 2023 wee hụ mgbanwe na mmepụta nke epichlorohydrin na usoro HPPO n'ime afọ 14 gara aga.

Epichlorohydrin usoro

1.Usoro epichlorohydrin na-erite uru ọtụtụ oge.N'ime afọ 14 gara aga, uru mmepụta nke epichlorohydrin site na usoro chlorohydrin ruru nke kachasị elu na 8358 yuan/ton, nke mere na 2021. Agbanyeghị, na 2019, enwere ntakịrị mfu nke 55 yuan/ton.

2.Mgbanwe uru nke usoro epichlorohydrin dabara na ngbanwe ọnụahịa nke epichlorohydrin.Mgbe ọnụ ahịa epoxy propane na-abawanye, uru mmepụta nke usoro epichlorohydrin na-abawanye kwa otu ahụ.Nkwekọrịta a na-egosipụta mmetụta nkịtị nke mgbanwe n'ahịa ahịa na ọchịchọ na uru ngwaahịa na ọnụ ahịa ngwaahịa abụọ ahụ.Dịka ọmụmaatụ, na 2021, n'ihi ọrịa na-efe efe, oriri nke polyether dị nro mụbara nke ukwuu, nke n'aka nke ya kpalitere ọnụ ahịa epoxy propane, na-emecha mepụta akụkọ ihe mere eme dị elu na oke uru nke mmepụta epichlorohydrin.

3.Mgbanwe ọnụahịa nke propylene na propylene oxide na-egosipụta nkwụsi ike nke ogologo oge, mana n'ọtụtụ ọnọdụ, enwere nnukwu ọdịiche dị na ngbanwe ngbanwe n'etiti abụọ ahụ.Nke a na-egosi na ihe dị iche iche na-emetụta ọnụ ahịa propylene na epichlorohydrin, yana ọnụ ahịa propylene na-enwe mmetụta dị ukwuu na mmepụta epichlorohydrin.N'ihi na propylene bụ isi akụrụngwa maka mmepụta epichlorohydrin, mgbanwe ọnụahịa ya ga-enwe mmetụta dị ukwuu na ọnụ ahịa mmepụta nke mmepụta epichlorohydrin.

N'ozuzu, uru mmepụta nke epichlorohydrin na China anọwo na steeti na-erite uru n'ime ihe ka ukwuu n'ime afọ 14 gara aga, na ngbanwe uru ya kwekọrọ na mgbanwe ọnụahịa nke epichlorohydrin.Ọnụ ahịa propylene bụ ihe dị mkpa na-emetụta uru mmepụta nke epichlorohydrin na China.

Usoro HPPO epoxy propane

1.Usoro HPPO nke China maka epoxypropane na-erite uru ọtụtụ oge, mana uru ya na-adịkarị ala ma e jiri ya tụnyere usoro chlorohydrin.N'ime obere oge, usoro HPPO nwetara mfu na epoxy propane, na ọtụtụ oge, ọkwa uru ya dị obere karịa nke usoro chlorohydrin.

2.N'ihi mmụba dị ịrịba ama na ọnụahịa nke epoxy propane na 2021, uru nke HPPO epoxy propane ruru nnukwu akụkọ ihe mere eme na 2021, rute oke 6611 yuan/ton.Agbanyeghị, a ka nwere oghere ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ yuan/ton 2000 n'etiti ọkwa uru a na usoro chlorohydrin.Nke a na-egosi na n'agbanyeghị na usoro HPPO nwere uru n'akụkụ ụfọdụ, usoro chlorohydrin ka nwere uru dị ukwuu n'ihe gbasara uru zuru oke.

3.Tụkwasị na nke ahụ, site n'ịgbakọ uru nke usoro HPPO site na iji ọnụ ahịa 50% hydrogen peroxide, a chọpụtara na ọ dịghị njikọ dị ịrịba ama n'etiti ọnụahịa nke hydrogen peroxide na mgbanwe ọnụahịa nke propylene na propylene oxide.Nke a na-egosi na uru nke usoro HPPO nke China maka epoxypropane na-egbochi ọnụ ahịa propylene na nnukwu mkpokọta hydrogen peroxide.N'ihi njikọ chiri anya n'etiti mgbanwe ọnụahịa nke akụrụngwa ndị a na ngwaahịa etiti na ihe ndị dị ka ọkọnọ ahịa na ọchịchọ na ọnụ ahịa mmepụta, ọ nwewo mmetụta dị ukwuu na uru mmepụta nke epoxy propane site na iji usoro HPPO.

Mgbanwe mmepụta uru nke usoro epoxy propane nke China HPPO n'ime afọ 14 gara aga egosila njirimara nke ịba uru maka ọtụtụ oge mana ọ nwere obere uru.Ọ bụ ezie na ọ nwere uru na akụkụ ụfọdụ, n'ozuzu ya, uru ya ka kwesịrị imeziwanye.N'otu oge ahụ, uru nke HPPO usoro epoxy propane na-emetụta nke ukwuu site na mgbanwe ọnụahịa nke akụrụngwa na ngwaahịa etiti, ọkachasị propylene na hydrogen peroxide dị elu.Ya mere, ndị na-emepụta ihe kwesịrị iji nlezianya nyochaa usoro ahịa ahịa ma gbanwee usoro mmepụta nke ọma iji nweta ọkwa uru kacha mma.

Mmetụta nke isi akụrụngwa na ọnụ ahịa ha n'okpuru usoro mmepụta abụọ

1.Ọ bụ ezie na ngbanwe uru nke usoro epichlorohydrin na usoro HPPO na-egosi ngbanwe, enwere nnukwu ọdịiche dị na mmetụta nke akụrụngwa na uru ha.Ọdịiche a na-egosi na e nwere ọdịiche dị na njikwa ọnụ ahịa na ikike ịchịkwa uru n'etiti usoro mmepụta abụọ a mgbe ị na-eme mgbanwe na ọnụahịa akụrụngwa.

2.N'ime usoro chlorohydrin, oke nke propylene ga-eri na-eru nkezi 67%, na-aza ihe karịrị ọkara nke oge, ma rute oke 72%.Nke a na-egosi na na usoro mmepụta nke chlorohydrin, ọnụ ahịa propylene na-enwe mmetụta kachasị na ibu.Ya mere, ngbanwe nke ọnụahịa propylene na-enwe mmetụta kpọmkwem na ọnụ ahịa na uru nke mmepụta epichlorohydrin site na usoro chlorohydrin.Nlebanya a dabara n'usoro ogologo oge nke uru na mgbanwe ọnụahịa propylene na mmepụta nke epichlorohydrin site na usoro chlorohydrin nke a kpọtụrụ aha na mbụ.

N'ụzọ dị iche, na usoro HPPO, nkezi mmetụta propylene na ọnụ ahịa ya bụ 61%, na ụfọdụ nwere mmetụta kachasị elu na 68% na nke kachasị ala na 55%.Nke a na-egosi na n'ime usoro mmepụta HPPO, ọ bụ ezie na ọnụ ahịa mmetụta nke propylene buru ibu, ọ bụghị ike dị ka mmetụta nke usoro chlorohydrin na ọnụ ahịa ya.Nke a nwere ike ịbụ n'ihi mmetụta dị ịrịba ama nke akụrụngwa ndị ọzọ dị ka hydrogen peroxide eji na usoro mmepụta HPPO na-akwụ ụgwọ, si otú ahụ na-ebelata mmetụta nke mgbanwe ọnụahịa propylene na ọnụ ahịa.

3.Ọ bụrụ na ọnụahịa propylene na-agbanwe site na 10%, mmetụta chlorohydrin na-efu ga-akarị nke usoro HPPO.Nke a pụtara na mgbe ọ na-eche mgbanwe mgbanwe na ọnụ ahịa propylene ihu, ọnụ ahịa nke usoro chlorohydrin na-emetụta karịa, ma na-ekwu okwu, usoro HPPO nwere njikwa ọnụ ahịa ka mma yana ikike njikwa uru.Nlebanya a na-egosipụtakwa ndịiche dị iche iche na nzaghachi maka mgbanwe ọnụ ahịa akụrụngwa n'etiti usoro mmepụta dị iche iche.

Enwere ngbanwe nke uru n'etiti usoro chlorohydrin nke China na usoro HPPO maka epoxy propane, mana enwere ọdịiche dị na mmetụta nke akụrụngwa na uru ha.Mgbe ị na-emeso mgbanwe na ọnụ ahịa akụrụngwa, usoro mmepụta abụọ ahụ na-egosipụta njikwa ọnụ ahịa dị iche iche na ikike njikwa uru.N'ime ha, usoro chlorohydrin na-enwe mmetụta karịa ngbanwe nke ọnụahịa propylene, ebe usoro HPPO nwere ezigbo nguzogide ihe ize ndụ.Iwu ndị a nwere mkpa nduzi dị mkpa maka ụlọ ọrụ ịhọrọ usoro mmepụta na imepụta atụmatụ mmepụta.

Mmetụta nke ihe inyeaka na akụrụngwa na-akwụ ụgwọ ha n'okpuru usoro mmepụta abụọ

1.Mmetụta nke chlorine mmiri mmiri na ọnụ ahịa mmepụta epichlorohydrin site na usoro chlorohydrin agbagoro naanị 8% n'ime afọ 14 gara aga, ma enwere ike were ya na ọ fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ enweghị mmetụta ọ bụla.Nlebanya a na-egosi na chlorine mmiri mmiri na-arụ obere ọrụ na usoro mmepụta nke chlorohydrin, na mgbanwe ọnụ ahịa ya enwechaghị mmetụta na ọnụ ahịa epichlorohydrin nke chlorohydrin mepụtara.

2.Mmetụta ọnụ ahịa hydrogen peroxide dị elu na usoro HPPO nke epoxy propane dị elu nke ukwuu karịa nke gas chlorine na mmetụta ọnụ ahịa nke usoro chlorohydrin.Hydrogen peroxide bụ isi oxidant na usoro mmepụta HPPO, na mgbanwe ọnụahịa ya na-enwe mmetụta kpọmkwem na ọnụ ahịa epoxy propane na usoro HPPO, nke abụọ na propylene.Nlebanya a na-eme ka ọnọdụ dị mkpa nke hydrogen peroxide pụta ìhè na usoro mmepụta HPPO.

3.Ọ bụrụ na ụlọ ọrụ ahụ na-emepụta gas chlorine nke ya na-emepụta, enwere ike ileghara mmetụta chlorine ga-efu na mmepụta epichlorohydrin.Nke a nwere ike ịbụ n'ihi obere gas chlorine sitere na ngwaahịa, nke nwere mmetụta dị ntakịrị na ọnụ ahịa mmepụta epichlorohydrin site na iji chlorohydrin.

4.Ọ bụrụ na a na-eji ntinye 75% nke hydrogen peroxide, mmetụta ego nke hydrogen peroxide na usoro HPPO nke epoxy propane ga-agafe 30%, na mmetụta ọnụahịa ga-anọgide na-abawanye ngwa ngwa.Nlebanya a na-egosi na epoxy propane nke usoro HPPO mepụtara abụghị naanị ngbanwe dị ukwuu na propylene akụrụngwa na-emetụta, kamakwa site na mgbanwe dị ukwuu na ọnụahịa hydrogen peroxide.N'ihi mmụba na ntinye nke hydrogen peroxide eji na usoro mmepụta HPPO ruo 75%, ego na ọnụ ahịa hydrogen peroxide na-abawanyekwa otú ahụ.Enwere ihe ndị ọzọ na-emetụta ahịa, na mgbanwe nke uru ya ga-abawanye, nke ga-enwe mmetụta dị ukwuu na ọnụahịa ahịa ya.

Enwere nnukwu ihe dị iche na mmetụta ọnụahịa nke akụrụngwa inyeaka maka usoro mmepụta nke epichlorohydrin site na iji usoro chlorohydrin na usoro HPPO.Mmetụta nke chlorine mmiri mmiri na ọnụ ahịa epichlorohydrin nke usoro chlorohydrin na-emepụta dị ntakịrị, ebe mmetụta hydrogen peroxide na ọnụ ahịa epichlorohydrin nke usoro HPPO na-emepụta dị ịrịba ama karị.N'otu oge ahụ, ọ bụrụ na ụlọ ọrụ na-emepụta gas chlorine nke ya na-emepụta ma ọ bụ na-eji ọnụọgụ dị iche iche nke hydrogen peroxide, ọnụahịa ya ga-adịkwa iche.Iwu ndị a nwere mkpa nduzi dị mkpa maka ụlọ ọrụ ịhọrọ usoro mmepụta, chepụta atụmatụ mmepụta, ma na-achịkwa ọnụ ahịa.

Dabere na data dị ugbu a na usoro, ọrụ na-aga n'ihu nke epoxy propane n'ọdịniihu ga-akarị ọkwa ugbu a, yana ọtụtụ ọrụ ọhụrụ na-agbaso usoro HPPO na usoro ethylbenzene co oxidation.Ihe omume a ga-eduga n'ịba ụba nke ihe ndị dị ka propylene na hydrogen peroxide, nke ga-enwe mmetụta dị ukwuu na ọnụahịa nke epoxy propane na ọnụ ahịa ụlọ ọrụ ahụ dum.

Site n'echiche ọnụ ahịa, ụlọ ọrụ nwere ụdị yinye ụlọ ọrụ agbakwunyere nwere ike ijikwa oke mmetụta nke akụrụngwa, si otú a belata ọnụ ahịa yana melite asọmpi ahịa.N'ihi na ọtụtụ ọhụrụ oru ngo maka epoxy propane n'ọdịnihu ga-anakwere usoro HPPO, ọchịchọ maka hydrogen peroxide ga-abawanye, nke ga-amụba ibu nke mmetụta nke hydrogen peroxide price mgbanwe na-eri nke epoxy propane.

Na mgbakwunye, n'ihi iji usoro ethylbenzene co oxidation na ọrụ ọhụrụ nke epoxy propane n'ọdịnihu, ọchịchọ maka propylene ga-abawanye.Ya mere, ịdị arọ nke mmetụta nke mgbanwe ọnụahịa propylene na ọnụ ahịa epoxy propane ga-abawanye.Ihe ndị a ga-ewetakwu ihe ịma aka na ohere na ụlọ ọrụ epoxy propane.

N'ozuzu, mmepe nke ụlọ ọrụ epoxy propane n'ọdịnihu ga-emetụta ọrụ na-aga n'ihu na akụrụngwa.Maka ụlọ ọrụ na-anakwere ụzọ HPPO na ethylbenzene co oxidation, ọ dị mkpa ka etinyekwu nlebara anya maka njikwa ọnụ ahịa yana mmepe njikọta nke ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta ihe.Maka ndị na-ebubata ihe eji eme ihe, ọ dị mkpa iji wusie ike nkwụsi ike nke akụrụngwa akụrụngwa na ọnụ ahịa njikwa iji melite asọmpi ahịa.