Isi ihe na-esi ísì nke isopropanol: Nyocha zuru ezu na ngwa
Isopropanol, nke a makwaara dị ka mmanya isopropyl ma ọ bụ 2-propanol, bụ ihe mgbaze organic na-ejikarị eme ihe na kemịkalụ, ọgwụ na ndụ kwa ụbọchị. Isi ihe na-esi ísì bụ ihe dị oke mkpa mgbe ị na-ekwurịta ihe onwunwe nke isopropanol. Ịghọta mkpa isi ihe na-esi ísì ụtọ nke isopropanol abụghị naanị na-enyere aka n'ịkwalite ngwa ọrụ mmepụta ihe kamakwa na nchekwa ọrụ na ụlọ nyocha.
Ngwongwo na nhazi nke Isopropyl mmanya
Alcohol isopropyl nwere usoro molecular C₃H₈O ma bụrụ nke otu mmanya. N'ime usoro ihe omimi ya, otu hydroxyl (-OH) na-ejikọta ya na atom carbon nke abụọ, na usoro a na-ekpebi ihe anụ ahụ na kemịkal nke isopropanol. Dị ka ihe mgbaze polar na-agafeghị oke, mmanya isopropyl na-eju mmiri na ọtụtụ ihe mgbaze organic, nke na-eme ka ọ bụrụ ihe magburu onwe ya n'ịgbaze na ịgbaze ọtụtụ kemịkalụ.
Mkpa anụ ahụ nke Isopropyl mmanya na-esi esi mmiri
Mmanya isopropyl nwere ebe na-esi esi nke 82.6°C (179°F), tụrụ na nrụgide ikuku ọkọlọtọ (1 atm). Isi ihe na-esi ísì ụtọ bụ nsonaazụ nke ike njikọ hydrogen n'etiti mkpụrụ ndụ mmanya isopropyl. Ọ bụ ezie na isopropanol nwere ntakịrị arọ molekụla, ọnụnọ nke otu hydroxyl dị na molekul na-enyere aka ịmepụta njikọ hydrogen n'etiti ụmụ irighiri ihe, na njikọ hydrogen a na-eme ka mmasị intermolecular dịkwuo mma, si otú ahụ na-amụba isi ihe.
E jiri ya tụnyere ogige ndị ọzọ nwere usoro yiri nke ahụ, dị ka n-propanol (ebe na-esi esi nke 97.2 Celsius C), isopropanol nwere ebe esi mmiri dị ala. Nke a bụ n'ihi ọnọdụ nke otu hydroxyl na molekul isopropanol na-eme ka njikọ hydrogen intermolecular na-esighị ike, na-eme ka ọ na-agbanwe agbanwe.
Mmetụta nke isi mmiri mmanya Isopropyl na ngwa ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta ihe
Ọnụ ahịa dị ntakịrị nke ebe a na-esi esi mmiri nke isopropyl mmanya na-eme ka ọ bụrụ nke ọma na nkwụsị ọrụ mmepụta ihe na nhazigharị. N'ihi na ọ dị ala na-esi esi, mgbe ị na-eme distillation separations, isopropanol nwere ike ikewa nke ọma na ala okpomọkụ, na-azọpụta ike oriri. Isopropanol na-agbanwe agbanwe na obere okpomọkụ, nke na-eme ka a na-eji ya eme ihe n'ọtụtụ ebe na mkpuchi, ndị na-ehicha ihe na ndị na-edozi ahụ. N'ime ngwa ndị a, ngwa ngwa ikuku nke isopropyl mmanya na-ewepụ mmiri dị n'elu na griiz na-enweghị ihe fọdụrụnụ.
Ntụle isi ihe na-esi esi mmiri maka Isopropyl mmanya na-arụ ọrụ ụlọ nyocha
Ebe na-esi esi mmanya mmanya isopropyl bụkwa ihe dị mkpa na ụlọ nyocha. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, mgbe ị na-eme mmeghachi omume kpo oku ma ọ bụ mgbake ihe mgbaze, ịmara ebe mmiri na-esi ísì ụtọ nke isopropyl mmanya nwere ike inyere ndị ọkà mmụta sayensị aka ịhọrọ ọnọdụ kwesịrị ekwesị iji zere ikpo ọkụ na oke ọkụ ọkụ. Ebe na-esi nri dị ala pụtakwara na ọ dị mkpa ka a chekwaa isopropanol ma jiri nlezianya mee ihe iji gbochie mfu ndị na-adịghị agbanwe agbanwe ma jiri ya rụọ ọrụ na ebe ikuku na-ekpo ọkụ iji hụ na nchekwa.
Mmechi
Nghọta nke isi mmiri nke isopropanol dị mkpa maka iji ya na ụlọ ọrụ na ụlọ nyocha. Site n'ịghọta usoro ihe omimi na hydrogen bonding nke isopropanol, omume ya n'okpuru ọnọdụ dị iche iche nwere ike ibu amụma na ịchịkwa ya nke ọma. N'ime usoro mmepụta ihe, enwere ike iji njirimara isi ihe na-esi ísì ụtọ nke isopropanol mee ihe iji kwalite ojiji ike na ịbawanye mmepụta. N'ime ụlọ nyocha, na-eburu n'uche isi ihe na-esi ísì ụtọ nke isopropanol na-eme ka ọ dị mma na-agba ọsọ nke nnwale na nchekwa nke ọrụ. Ya mere, isi ihe na-esi ísì ụtọ nke isopropanol bụ ihe dị mkpa nke na-ekwesịghị ileghara anya na mmepụta kemịkal na nchọpụta sayensị.