Aha ngwaahịa:n-butanol

Ọkpụkpọ anụ ahụ:C4H10O

CAS Mba:71-36-3

Ọdịdị molekụla ngwaahịa:

Njirimara kemịkalụ:

1-Butanol bụ ụdị mmanya nwere carbon carbon anọ dị n'ime otu molekul. Usoro ihe omimi ya bụ CH3CH2CH2CH2OH nwere isomers atọ, ya bụ iso-butanol, sec-butanol na tert-butanol. Ọ bụ mmiri mmiri na-enweghị agba nke nwere isi mmanya.
Ọ nwere isi ihe na-esi ísì ụtọ nke ịbụ 117.7 ℃, njupụta (20 ℃) ​​ịbụ 0.8109g / cm3, ebe na-ekpo ọkụ bụ-89.0 ℃, ebe ọkụ bụ 36 ~ 38 ℃, ebe mgbanye onwe ya bụ 689F na ntụgharị ntụgharị. ịbụ (n20D) 1.3993. Na 20 ℃, ya solubility na mmiri bụ 7.7% (site arọ) mgbe mmiri solubility na 1-butanol bụ 20.1% (site arọ). Ọ bụ ihe na-adịghị mma na ethanol, ether na ụdị ihe mgbaze ndị ọzọ. Enwere ike iji ya dị ka ihe mgbaze nke agba dị iche iche na ihe eji eme ihe maka imepụta plastik, dibutyl phthalate. A pụkwara iji ya mee ihe maka imepụta butyl acrylate, butyl acetate, na ethylene glycol butyl ether ma jiri ya mee ihe dị ka mwepu nke intermediates nke organic synthesis na biochemical ọgwụ na nwekwara ike iji na mmepụta nke surfactants. Uzuoku ya nwere ike ịmepụta ngwakọta ihe mgbawa na ikuku na oke mgbawa bụ 3.7% ~ 10.2% (ọnụego nha).

Ngwa:

1. A na-ejikarị emepụta phthalic acid, aliphatic dibasic acid na n-butyl phosphate plasticizers, nke a na-ejikarị eme ihe n'ọtụtụ plastik na ngwaahịa rọba. Ọ bụkwa ihe eji eme butyraldehyde, butyric acid, butylamine na butyl lactate na njikọ organic. A na-ejikwa ya dị ka ihe na-eme ka mmiri na-ekpo ọkụ, mgbochi emulsifier na onye na-emepụta mmanụ na griiz, ọgwụ (dị ka ọgwụ nje, hormones na vitamin) na ngwa nri, na mgbakwunye nke mkpuchi resin alkyd. A na-ejikwa ya dị ka ihe mgbaze maka ịcha ahịhịa na ink ibipụta, yana dị ka onye na-eme ihe na-eme ihe. Ejiri ya dị ka ihe mgbaze iji kewaa potassium perchlorate na sodium perchlorate, nwekwara ike ikewa sodium chloride na lithium chloride. A na-eji sachaa sodium zinc uranyl acetate precipitate. Ejiri ya na mkpebi colorimetric iji chọpụta arsenic acid site na usoro molybdate. Mkpebi nke abụba na mmiri ara ehi. Ọkara maka saponification nke esters. Nkwadebe nke ihe agbakwunyere paraffin maka microanalysis. Ejiri ya dị ka ihe mgbaze maka abụba, waxes, resins, shellacs, goms, wdg. Co-solvent maka agba agba nitro, wdg.

2. Chromatographic analysis ọkọlọtọ bekee. A na-eji arsenic acid, ihe mgbaze maka nkewa nke potassium, sodium, lithium na chlorate.
3. Ihe mgbaze dị mkpa, nke a na-eji n'ọtụtụ buru ibu na-emepụta urea-formaldehyde resins, cellulose resins, alkyd resins na paints, nakwa dị ka ihe na-adịghị arụ ọrụ nke ọma na adhesives. Ọ bụkwa ihe dị mkpa kemịkalụ akụrụngwa eji emeputa plasticizer dibutyl phthalate, aliphatic dibasic acid ester na phosphate ester. A na-ejikwa ya dị ka onye na-ekpochapụ mmiri mmiri, mgbochi emulsifier na onye na-emepụta mmanụ, ngwa nri, ọgwụ nje, hormones, vitamin, wdg, ihe mgbakwunye maka agba resin alkyd, ihe mgbaze maka agba agba nitro, wdg.
4. Ihe mgbaze ịchọ mma. A na-ejikarị ya dị ka ihe mgbaze na ntu ntu na ihe ịchọ mma ndị ọzọ iji kwekọọ na isi ihe mgbaze dị ka ethyl acetate, nke na-enyere aka igbari agba ma na-achịkwa mgbanwe na viscosity nke ihe mgbaze. Ọnụ ego mgbakwunye na-adịkarị ihe dịka 10%.
5. Enwere ike iji ya dị ka onye na-emepụta ihe na-eme ka ọ bụrụ ihe na-eme ka ink na-ejikọta na mbipụta ihuenyo.
6. A na-eji ngwaahịa esi nri, pudding, swiiti.